HoRain云--Maven Web 应用

本章节我们将学习如何使用版本控制系统 Maven 来管理一个基于 web 的项目如何创建、构建、部署以及运行一个 web 应用。创建 Web 应用我们可以使用 maven-archetype-webapp 插件来创建一个简单的 Java web 应用。打开命令控制台进入到 C:\MVN 文件夹然后执行以下的 mvn 命令C:\MVNmvn archetype:generate -DgroupIdcom.companyname.automobile -DartifactIdtrucks -DarchetypeArtifactIdmaven-archetype-webapp -DinteractiveModefalse执行完后 Maven 将开始处理并且创建完整的于Java Web 项目的目录结构。[INFO] Scanning for projects... [INFO] Searching repository for plugin with prefix: archetype. [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------- [INFO] Building Maven Default Project [INFO] task-segment: [archetype:generate] (aggregator-style) [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------- [INFO] Preparing archetype:generate [INFO] No goals needed for project - skipping [INFO] [archetype:generate {execution: default-cli}] [INFO] Generating project in Batch mode [INFO] -------------------------------------------------------------------- [INFO] Using following parameters for creating project from Old (1.x) Archetype: maven-archetype-webapp:1.0 [INFO] -------------------------------------------------------------------- [INFO] Parameter: groupId, Value: com.companyname.automobile [INFO] Parameter: packageName, Value: com.companyname.automobile [INFO] Parameter: package, Value: com.companyname.automobile [INFO] Parameter: artifactId, Value: trucks [INFO] Parameter: basedir, Value: C:\MVN [INFO] Parameter: version, Value: 1.0-SNAPSHOT [INFO] project created from Old (1.x) Archetype in dir: C:\MVN\trucks [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------- [INFO] BUILD SUCCESSFUL [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------- [INFO] Total time: 16 seconds [INFO] Finished at: Tue Jul 17 11:00:00 IST 2012 [INFO] Final Memory: 20M/89M [INFO] -------------------------------------------------------------------执行完后我们可以在 C:/MVN 文件夹下看到 trucks 项目查看项目的目录结构Maven 目录结构是标准的各个目录作用如下表所示:文件夹结构描述trucks包含 src 文件夹和 pom.xml 文件。src/main/webapp包含 index.jsp 文件和 WEB-INF 文件夹.src/main/webapp/WEB-INF包含 web.xml 文件src/main/resources包含图片、properties资源文件。pom.xml 文件代码如下project xmlnshttp://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 xmlns:xsihttp://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance xsi:schemaLocationhttp://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd modelVersion4.0.0/modelVersion groupIdcom.companyname.automobile/groupId artifactIdtrucks/artifactId packagingwar/packaging version1.0-SNAPSHOT/version nametrucks Maven Webapp/name urlhttp://maven.apache.org/url dependencies dependency groupIdjunit/groupId artifactIdjunit/artifactId version3.8.1/version scopetest/scope /dependency /dependencies build finalNametrucks/finalName /build /project接下来我们打开 C:\ MVN trucks src main webapp 文件夹可以看到一个已经创建好的 index.jsp 文件代码如下html body h2Hello World!/h2 /body /html构建 Web 应用打开命令控制台进入 C:\MVN\trucks 目录然后执行下面的以下 mvn 命令C:\MVN\trucksmvn clean packageMaven 将开始构建项目:[INFO] Scanning for projects... [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------- [INFO] Building trucks Maven Webapp [INFO] task-segment: [clean, package] [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------- [INFO] [clean:clean {execution: default-clean}] [INFO] [resources:resources {execution: default-resources}] [WARNING] Using platform encoding (Cp1252 actually) to copy filtered resources,i.e. build is platform dependent! [INFO] Copying 0 resource [INFO] [compiler:compile {execution: default-compile}] [INFO] No sources to compile [INFO] [resources:testResources {execution: default-testResources}] [WARNING] Using platform encoding (Cp1252 actually) to copy filtered resources,i.e. build is platform dependent! [INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\MVN\trucks\src\test\resources [INFO] [compiler:testCompile {execution: default-testCompile}] [INFO] No sources to compile [INFO] [surefire:test {execution: default-test}] [INFO] No tests to run. [INFO] [war:war {execution: default-war}] [INFO] Packaging webapp [INFO] Assembling webapp[trucks] in [C:\MVN\trucks\target\trucks] [INFO] Processing war project [INFO] Copying webapp resources[C:\MVN\trucks\src\main\webapp] [INFO] Webapp assembled in[77 msecs] [INFO] Building war: C:\MVN\trucks\target\trucks.war [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------- [INFO] BUILD SUCCESSFUL [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------- [INFO] Total time: 3 seconds [INFO] Finished at: Tue Jul 17 11:22:45 IST 2012 [INFO] Final Memory: 11M/85M [INFO] -------------------------------------------------------------------部署 Web 应用打开 C:\ MVN trucks target 文件夹找到 trucks.war 文件并复制到你的 web 服务器的 web 应用目录然后重启 web 服务器。测试 Web 应用访问以下 URL 运行 web 应用http://:/trucks/index.jsp验证结果